Many classical logic gates are irreversible but quantum gates are reversible. Synthesis of reversible logic circuit differs from the combinational one in many ways. The energy savings of reversible logic gates is due mostly to the fact that they do not require entropy be created when an operation is performed. Reversible circuits embed the originally intended function which might not be reversible into a reversible one. Study of tree multiplier using reversible logic gate. Ieee 754r format proceedings of the 19th international conference on vlsi. Synthesis of reversible logic circuit differs from the combinational one in many.
This helps to determine the outputs from the inputs and also the inputs can be uniquely recovered from the outputs. Reversible gates are useful for application in low power complementary metaloxide semiconductors, with less dissipation, and in quantum computing. Reversible circuits are also interesting because the loss of information implies energy loss 2. Ashraful haque department of electrical and electronic engineering islamic university of technology, board bazar, gazipur1704, bangladesh. Reversible logic, power dissipation, reversible gates, quantum cost, cmos. An output of one logic gate can be an input to another logic gate. Sufficiency of twoqubit gates for quantum computation. In this paper various logic gates and its applicability on logic design have been. Here we describe ballistic logic gates using simulated circuits. Unlike many classical logic gates, quantum logic gates are reversible. We develop a canonical representation based on binary.
Reversible logic fundamentals reversible gates basic. In current scenario, the reversible logic design attracting more interest due to its low power consumption. In a model of computation that uses deterministic transitions from one state of the abstract machine to another, a necessary condition for reversibility is that the relation of the mapping from nonzeroprobability states to their successors must be onetoone. Osborn1,2, waltraut wustmann1 1laboratory for physical sciences, usa 2joint quantum institute, usa email. Energyreversible complementary nem logic gates kerem akarvardar, david elata, roger t. Pdf reversible logic has various applications in various field like in nanotechnology, quantum computing, low power cmos, optical computing and dna. By combining reversible logic gates, reversible circuits can perform. Request pdf reversible logic synthesis by quantum rotation gates a rotationbased synthesis framework for reversible logic is proposed. Index terms reversible logic, reversible gate, power dissipation, flipflop, garbage i. The flow devices are constructed using a modular approach, where each flow cell is modified with one enzyme that biocatalyzes one chemical reaction. Younis and knight 16 showed that some reversible circuits can be made asymptotically energylossless if their delay is allowed to be arbitrarily.
Universality put bit if and only if the logical and of all remaining input bits is satisfied. The reversible 11 gate is not gate with zero quantum cost is as shown in the figure 1. This paper gives an overview of the reversible logic gates gathered from literature surveys. What is the difference between reversible logic gates and. And, or, not, nand not and, nor not or, xor, and xnor not xor later building functions. Logic gates and circuits revision worksheet teaching.
Pdf it has been realized that quantum computing is one of the latest technologies using reversible logic. Reversible gates several reversible gates have been proposed over the years, e. The circuits are based on an and gate that is designed to be thermodynamically and kinetically reversible and to respond nonlinearly to the concentrations of its input molecules. In this lesson, you will learn how to combine various inputs to achieve desired output results with the help of logic gates and, or, nand, nor, xor.
Indepth comparative analysis of reversible gates for designing. The important reversible gates used for reversible logic synthesis are feynman. In recent years reversible logic has come as a promising solution in the optical computing domain. Reversible logic gates a reversible logic gate is an ninput noutput logic device with onetoone mapping 3. It is easy to see that a conventional and gate is not reversible. However, the third and the fourth gates keep the value of their target line since their positive control lines are assigned 0.
A variety of reversible gates have been proposed 19, 3, 4. A reversible logic gate is a memoryless logic element that realizes an injective logical function. Ieee 754r format proceedings of the 19th international conference. Bioelectronic interface connecting reversible logic gates. Synthesis of reversible logic and generating reversible logic circuit automatically with lower cost always has been a challenging task as reducing the search space is one of the major issues in the synthesis process using permutation. Power dissipation of reversible circuit, under ideal physical circumstances, is zero.
In recent years, reversible logic circuits have attracted considerable attention in improving some. A gate or circuit that does not loose information is called reversible. So, this realization is more efficient and less costly than other realizations. Logic gates digital circuit that either allows a signal to pass through it or not.
As the basic elements of any logic circuit, logic gates are used to realize boolean functions. Keywordsreversible logic, adiabatic circuits, toffoli gate, synthesis. A 3input and 3output reversible logic gate was proposed in 1. An ninput, noutput gate is reversible if it realizes a reversible function. Here, we investigate basic properties of reversible logic gates and circuits, which are. A study on reversible logic gates of quantum computing. Synthesis of reversible logic circuits university of michigan. Here, a bioelectronic interface based on biomolecule. A reversible circuit has the facility to generate a unique output vector from each input vector, and vice versa. Reversible logic synthesis by quantum rotation gates.
However, it is possible to perform classical computing using only reversible gates. However, the diagrams we use are easier to understand. Conservative and reversible logic gates are widely known to be compatible with revolutionary computing paradigms such as optical and quantum computing. To build such a reversible computer requires us to use new types of logic gates that are reversible, i. The subunits performing andor boolean logic operations were designed using maltose phosphorylase and cooperative work of invertaseamyloglucosidase, respectively.
Reversible logic fundamentals reversible gates basic regular reversible structures mirror circuits and spies. The reversible logic circuits must use minimum number of constant inputs. A study of reversible logic gates and their applications. Reversible logic gates a reversible logic gate is an ninput noutput logic device with onetoone mapping. The logic modules create rules for your circuit to follow, giving you more ability to create interesting and complex interactions. Enzymebased nand and nor logic gates with modular design. Reversible logic, reversible gate, power dissipation. Reversible logic gates has ability to to reduce the power dissipation which is the main requirement in low power vlsi design.
In reversible gates, there is onetoone mapping between input and output, causing no loss of information. Design of low power arithmetic and logic unit using reversible logic gates international journal of vlsi system design and communication systems volume. But in current time power consumption is the main factor, which is taken. In this work, we proposed an adaptive genetic algorithm aga for synthesizing reversible logic circuits. Reversible logic has received great importance in the recent years because of its feature of reduction in power dissipation. Bcd digit adder is the basic unit of the more precise decimal computer arithmetic. Reversible computing is a model of computing where the computational process to some extent is timereversible. Over 97% of binary reversible 33 gates and almost all reversible 44 gates are universal 26 in. Pdf implementation of reversible logic gate in quantum. Reversible logic gates have same number of input and outputs, since in reversible circuits no bit loss is there hence ideally in reversible circuits.
Pdf performance evaluation of reversible logic gates. Sequential division circuit using reversible logic gates. Reversible gates some of the important reversible logic gates are. In this paper, we provide icip piracy assessment of reversible logic. Design of sequential circuits using reversible logic has been presented in 7 and 8. The sheet presents a series of activities which focus on the and, or, and not gates.
Introduction in digital design, there are many logic gates being used in large numbers. Our logic gates, named reversible fluxon logic rfl, use. The circuits continuously recompute their outputs, allowing them to respond to changing inputs. The reversible logic synthesis technique is most important part of the longterm future of computing due to its low power dissipating characteristic. A novel design of 3bit gray code counter using reversible. From transistorsto logic gates and logic circuits prof.
Keywords cybernetics, boolean functions, logic abstract modi. This paper describes a new reversible logic gate named pr gate and peres gate has been proposed for low power. Design and comparison of reversible and irreversible. A reversible function is, of course, a permutation and can be expressed as a set of disjoint cycles as done in 18, but we do not follow that approach here. There exists a reversible gate which could play a role of a universal gate for reversible circuits. It finds application in low power digital designs, quantum computing, nanotechnology, dna computing etc. Reversible control unit reversible control unit has 9 reversible gates 3 not gate, 2. It has inputs a, b, c and outputs x, y and z as shown in fig 1. Reversible logic circuits pawel kerntopf institute of computer science warsaw university of technology warsaw, poland.
Glucose produced as the output signal from the andor subunits was applied as the input signal for the. Exploiting reversible logic design for implementing adiabatic circuits. Osa design of optical reversible logic gates using. Anne bracy cs 3410 computer science cornell university the slides are the product of many rounds of teaching cs 3410 by professors weatherspoon, bala, bracy, and sirer. There exist many of these gates, but we restrict ourselves to the following basic reversible logic gates 4. Development of tool for mapping conventional circuit to reversible. Reversible logic circuit synthesis and optimization using. This creates trees of gates that depend on each other. Design and implementation 16 bit reversible logic alu with. Vectored mux is designed by cascading multiplexers in parallel with all the select inputs and enable as common to get the vectored output. Learning objectives 1 to be able to describe how data is stored within a computer in binary form. Design of alu using reversible gates and vectored logic 4 b vectored mux.
In logic circuits, the toffoli gate also ccnot gate, invented by tommaso toffoli, is a universal reversible logic gate, which means that any reversible circuit can be constructed from toffoli gates. Introduction energy loss is an important consideration in digital. With littlebits logic modules, you can program in block form. This paper represents a new reversible logic bbcdc and also a more effective realization of bcd adder by using the proposed reversible logic. Also in the synthesis of reversible circuits direct fanout is not allowed as onetomany concept is not reversible. Heuristic synthesis of reversible logic a comparative study core. The basic logic gates such as or, and, xor and xnor are not reversible logic gates. Logic gates actually look like weird bugs in real life. Fundamentals of reversible logic gates and their applications. The quantum computation of the reversible mra circuits is also introduced. A circuit will be reversible if input vector can be specifically retrieved from output vectors and here is one to one correspondence between input and output 3.
Conclusion and future scope reversible logic gates form the building blocks of quantum computing. Reversible logic is very important in lowpower circuit design. Outline gener al issues basic notions rever sible gates. A transformation based algorithm for reversible logic. For an n bit vectored output, n number of multiplexers are to be cascaded together in parallel. It is also known as the controlledcontrollednot gate, which describes its action. Quantum logic gates pdf classical reversible logic contained in quantum logic. Reversible fluxon logic for future computing kevin d. Fredkin gate, toffoli gate, interaction gate, and switch gate are typical ones.
Design of low power arithmetic and logic unit using. The logic gates nandnor were mimicked by enzyme biocatalyzed reactions activated by sucrose, maltose and phosphate. Look at the below truth tables for better understanding. Reversible logic circuits made of dna journal of the. Not gate 8 is a simplest reversible gate and is a 11 gate. For example, the reversible toffoli gate can implement all boolean functions. Energy reversible complementary nem logic gates kerem akarvardar, david elata, roger t. The reversible logic circuits must use a minimum logic depth or gate levels iv. It has wide applications in low power cmos and optical information processing, dna computing, quantum computation and nan. A more effective realization of bcd adder by using a new. This introduces socalled ancillary inputs and garbage outputs, which already might obfuscate the function from an attackers perspective. Pdf basic reversible logic gates and its qca implementation. Reversible logic circuits have been histor ically motivated by theoretical research in lowpower, and recently attracted interest as components of the.
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